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                <p>  </p>
<h2 id="引言："><a href="#引言：" class="headerlink" title="引言："></a>引言：</h2><blockquote>
<p>Remote Dictionary Server（Redis）通常被称为结构服务器，因为值（value）可以是字符串（String）、哈希（Hash）、列表（List）、集合（Set）和有序集合（Sorted Set）等类型。</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="一、Redis命令"><a href="#一、Redis命令" class="headerlink" title="一、Redis命令"></a>一、Redis命令</h3><p>1、本机登录Redis客户端</p>
<pre class="language-none"><code class="language-none">redis-cli</code></pre>

<p>2、连接远程Redis服务</p>
<pre class="language-none"><code class="language-none">redis-cli -h host -p port -a password</code></pre>

<hr>
<h3 id="二、Redis键-key"><a href="#二、Redis键-key" class="headerlink" title="二、Redis键(key)"></a>二、Redis键(key)</h3><p>Redis 键命令用于管理 redis 的键。基本语法为<code>command key_name</code><br><strong>1、KEYS pattern</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>查找所有符合指定模式（pattern）的key。符合给定模式的 key 列表 (Array)</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>2、TYPE key</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>返回key所储存的值的类型。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>3、DEL key</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>该命令用于在 key 存在时删除 key。不存在的 key 会被忽略。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>4、DUMP key</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>序列化给定的 key，并返回序列化的值。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>5、EXISTS key</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>检查给定的 key 是否存在</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>6、MOVE key db</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>将当前数据库中的key移动到指定的数据库db中。移动成功返回 1 ，失败则返回 0 。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>7、RENAME key newkey</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>修改key的名称为newkey。改名成功时提示 OK ，失败时候返回一个错误。当 OLD_KEY_NAME 和 NEW_KEY_NAME 相同，或者 OLD_KEY_NAME 不存在时，返回一个错误。 当 NEW_KEY_NAME 已经存在时， RENAME 命令将覆盖旧值。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>8、RENAMENX key newkey</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>仅当newkey不存在时将key改名为newkey。修改成功时，返回 1 。 如果 NEW_KEY_NAME 已经存在，返回 0 。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>9、EXPIRE key seconds</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>为给定的 key 设置过期时间，单位为秒。设置成功返回1，当key不存在或者不能为key设置过期时间时返回0。比如在低版本中尝试设置过期时间。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>10、EXPIREAT key timestamp</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>EXPIREAT 的作用和 EXPIRE 类似，都用于为 key 设置过期时间。 不同在于 EXPIREAT 命令接受的时间参数是 UNIX 时间戳(unix timestamp)。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>11、PEXPIRE key milliseconds</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>为给定的 key 设置过期时间，单位为秒。设置成功，返回 1。key 不存在或设置失败，返回 0</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>12、PEXPIREAT key milliseconds-timestamp</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>设置 key 过期时间的时间戳(unix timestamp) 以毫秒计。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>13、PERSIST key</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>移除key的过期时间，key将持久保持。当过期时间移除成功时，返回 1 。 如果 key 不存在或 key 没有设置过期时间，返回 0 。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>14、PTTL key</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>以毫秒为单位返回key的剩余过期时间。当 key 不存在时，返回 -2 。 当 key 存在但没有设置剩余生存时间时，返回 -1 。 否则，以毫秒为单位，返回 key 的剩余生存时间。但是具体根据版本情况而定。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>15、TTL key</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>以秒为单位返回key的剩余过期时间。当 key 不存在时，返回 -2 。 当 key 存在但没有设置剩余生存时间时，返回 -1 。 否则，以秒为单位，返回 key 的剩余生存时间。但是具体根据版本情况而定。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>16、RANDOMKEY</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>从当前数据库中随机返回一个key。当数据库不为空时，返回一个 key 。 当数据库为空时，返回 nil （windows 系统返回 null）。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>17、SCAN cursor [MATCH pattern] [COUNT count]</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p><code>cursor</code>表示游标，<code>pattern</code>表示匹配的模式，<code>count</code>指定从数据集里返回多少元素，默认值为10。SCAN 命令是一个基于游标的迭代器，每次被调用之后， 都会向用户返回一个新的游标， 用户在下次迭代时需要使用这个新游标作为 SCAN 命令的游标参数， 以此来延续之前的迭代过程。SCAN 返回一个包含两个元素的数组， 第一个元素是用于进行下一次迭代的新游标， 而第二个元素则是一个数组， 这个数组中包含了所有被迭代的元素。如果新游标返回 0 表示迭代已结束。<code>SSCAN</code>命令用于迭代集合键中的元素；<code>HSCAN</code>命令用于迭代哈希键中的键值对；<code>ZSCAN</code>命令用于迭代有序集合中的元素（包括元素成员和元素分值）</p>
</blockquote>
<hr>
<h3 id="三、Redis字符串-String"><a href="#三、Redis字符串-String" class="headerlink" title="三、Redis字符串(String)"></a>三、Redis字符串(String)</h3><p><strong>1、SET key value</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>设置指定key的值。如果 key 已经存储其他值， SET 就覆写旧值，且无视类型。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>2、GET key</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>获取指定key的值。如果 key 不存在，返回 nil 。如果key 储存的值不是字符串类型，返回一个错误。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>3、GETRANGE key start end</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>返回 key 中字符串值的子字符</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>4、GETSET key value</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>将给定 key 的值设为 value ，并返回 key 的旧值(old value)。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>5、GETBIT key offset</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>对 key 所储存的字符串值，获取指定偏移量上的位(bit)。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>6、MGET key1 [key2]…</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>获取所有(一个或多个)给定 key 的值。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>7、SETBIT key offset value</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>对 key 所储存的字符串值，设置或清除指定偏移量上的位(bit)。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>8、SETEX key seconds value</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>将值 value 关联到 key ，并将 key 的过期时间设为 seconds (以秒为单位)。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>9、SETNX key value</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>只有在 key 不存在时设置 key 的值。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>10、SETRANGE key offset value</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>用 value 参数覆写给定 key 所储存的字符串值，从偏移量 offset 开始。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>11、STRLEN key</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>返回 key 所储存的字符串值的长度。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>12、MSET key value [key value]…</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>同时设置一个或多个 key-value 对。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>13、MSETNX key value [key value]…</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>同时设置一个或多个 key-value 对，当且仅当所有给定 key 都不存在。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>14、PSETEX key milliseconds value</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>这个命令和 SETEX 命令相似，但它以毫秒为单位设置 key 的生存时间，而不是像 SETEX 命令那样，以秒为单位。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>15、INCR key</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>将 key 中储存的数字值增一。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>16、INCRBY key increment</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>将 key 所储存的值加上给定的增量值（increment） 。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>17、INCRBYFLOAT key increment</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>将 key 所储存的值加上给定的浮点增量值（increment） 。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>18、DECR key</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>将 key 中储存的数字值减一。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>19、DECRBY key decrement</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>key 所储存的值减去给定的减量值（decrement） 。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>20、APPEND key value</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>如果 key 已经存在并且是一个字符串， APPEND 命令将指定的 value 追加到该 key 原来值（value）的末尾。</p>
</blockquote>
<hr>
<h3 id="四、Redis哈希-Hash"><a href="#四、Redis哈希-Hash" class="headerlink" title="四、Redis哈希(Hash)"></a>四、Redis哈希(Hash)</h3><p><strong>1、HLEN key</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>获取哈希表中字段的数量</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>2、HSET key field value</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>将哈希表 key 中的字段 field 的值设为 value 。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>3、HSETNX key field value</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>只有在字段 field 不存在时，设置哈希表字段的值。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>4、HMSET key field1 value1 [field2 value2]…</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>同时将多个 field-value (域-值)对设置到哈希表 key 中。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>5、HGET key field</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>获取存储在哈希表中指定字段的值</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>6、HMGET key field1 [field2]</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>获取所有给定字段的值</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>7、HEXISTS key field</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>查看哈希表 key 中，指定的字段是否存在。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>8、HDEL key field1 [field2]</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>删除一个或多个哈希表字段</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>9、HGETALL key</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>获取在哈希表中指定 key 的所有字段和值</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>10、HKEYS key</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>获取所有哈希表中的字段</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>11、HVALS key</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>获取哈希表中所有值。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>12、HINCRBY key field increment</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>为哈希表 key 中的指定字段的整数值加上增量 increment 。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>13、HINCRBYFLOAT key field increment</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>为哈希表 key 中的指定字段的浮点数值加上增量 increment 。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>14、HSCAN key cursor [Match pattern] [COUNT count]</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>迭代哈希表中的键值对。</p>
</blockquote>
<hr>
<h3 id="五、Redis列表-List"><a href="#五、Redis列表-List" class="headerlink" title="五、Redis列表(List)"></a>五、Redis列表(List)</h3><p><strong>1、LLEN key</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>获取列表长度</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>2、LPUSH key value1 [value2]…</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>将一个或多个值插入到列表头部</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>3、LPUSHX key value</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>将一个值插入到已存在的列表头部</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>4、RPUSH key value1 [value2]…</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>在列表中添加一个或多个值</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>5、RPUSHX key value</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>为已存在的列表添加值</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>6、LPOP key</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>移出并获取列表的第一个元素</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>7、RPOP key</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>移除列表的最后一个元素，返回值为移除的元素。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>8、RPOPLPUSH source destination</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>移除列表的最后一个元素，并将该元素添加到另一个列表并返回</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>9、LINDEX key index</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>通过索引获取列表中的元素</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>10、LSET key index value</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>通过索引设置列表元素的值</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>11、LRANGR key start stop</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>获取列表指定范围内的元素</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>12、LINSERT key BEFORE|AFTER pivot value</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>在列表的元素前或者后插入元素</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>13、BLPOP key1 [key2] timeout</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>移出并获取列表的第一个元素， 如果列表没有元素会阻塞列表直到等待超时或发现可弹出元素为止。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>14、BRPOP key1 [key2] timeout</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>移出并获取列表的最后一个元素， 如果列表没有元素会阻塞列表直到等待超时或发现可弹出元素为止。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>15、BRPOPLPUSH source destination timeout</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>从列表中弹出一个值，将弹出的元素插入到另外一个列表中并返回它； 如果列表没有元素会阻塞列表直到等待超时或发现可弹出元素为止。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>16、LREM key count value</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>移除列表元素</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>17、LTRIM key start stop</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>对一个列表进行修剪(trim)，就是说，让列表只保留指定区间内的元素，不在指定区间之内的元素都将被删除。</p>
</blockquote>
<hr>
<h3 id="六、Redis集合-Set"><a href="#六、Redis集合-Set" class="headerlink" title="六、Redis集合(Set)"></a>六、Redis集合(Set)</h3><p><strong>1、SADD key member1 [member2]…</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>向集合添加一个或多个成员</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>2、SCARD key</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>获取集合的成员数</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>3、SMEMBERS key</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>返回集合中的所有成员</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>4、SPOP key</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>移除并返回集合中的一个随机元素</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>5、SRANDMEMBER key [count]</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>返回集合中一个或多个随机数</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>6、SISMEMBER key member</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>判断 member 元素是否是集合 key 的成员</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>7、SREM key member1 [member2]</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>移除集合中一个或多个成员</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>8、SMOVE source destination member</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>将 member 元素从 source 集合移动到 destination 集合</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>9、SINTER key1 [key2]</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>返回给定所有集合的交集</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>10、SINTERSTORE destination key1 [key2]</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>返回给定所有集合的交集并存储在 destination 中</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>11、SUNION key1 [key2]</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>返回所有给定集合的并集</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>12、SUNIONSTORE destination key1 [key2]</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>所有给定集合的并集存储在 destination 集合中</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>13、SDIFF key1 [key2]</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>返回第一个集合与其他集合之间的差异。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>14、SDIFFSTORE destination key1 [key2]</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>返回给定所有集合的差集并存储在 destination 中</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>15、SSCAN key cursor [MATCH pattern] [COUNT count]</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>迭代集合中的元素</p>
</blockquote>
<hr>
<h3 id="七、Redis有序集合-Sorted-set"><a href="#七、Redis有序集合-Sorted-set" class="headerlink" title="七、Redis有序集合(Sorted set)"></a>七、Redis有序集合(Sorted set)</h3><p><strong>1、ZADD key score1 member1 [score2 member2]</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>向有序集合添加一个或多个成员，或者更新已存在成员的分数</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>2、ZCARD key</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>获取有序集合的成员数</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>3、ZSCORE key member</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>返回有序集中，成员的分数值</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>4、ZCOUNT key min max</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>计算在有序集合中指定区间分数的成员数</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>5、ZLEXCOUNT key min max</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>在有序集合中计算指定字典区间内成员数量</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>6、ZINCRBY key increment member</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>有序集合中对指定成员的分数加上增量 increment</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>7、ZRANK key member</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>返回有序集合中指定成员的索引</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>8、ZREVRANK key member</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>返回有序集合中指定成员的排名，有序集成员按分数值递减(从大到小)排序</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>9、ZRANGE key start stop [WITHSCORES]</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>通过索引区间返回有序集合指定区间内的成员</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>10、ZREVRANGE key start stop [WITHSCORES]</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>返回有序集中指定区间内的成员，通过索引，分数从高到低</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>11、ZRANGEBYLEX key min max [LIMIT offset count]</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>通过字典区间返回有序集合的成员</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>12、ZRANGEBYSCORE key min max [WITHSCORES] [LIMIT]</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>通过分数返回有序集合指定区间内的成员</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>13、ZREVRANGEBYSCORE key max min [WITHSCORES]</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>返回有序集中指定分数区间内的成员，分数从高到低排序</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>14、ZREM key member [member …]</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>移除有序集合中的一个或多个成员</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>15、ZREMRANGEBYLEX key min max</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>移除有序集合中给定的字典区间的所有成员</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>16、ZREMRANGEBYRANK key start stop</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>移除有序集合中给定的排名区间的所有成员</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>17、ZREMRANGEBYSCORE key min max</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>移除有序集合中给定的分数区间的所有成员</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>18、ZINTERSTORE destination numkeys key [key …]</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>计算给定的一个或多个有序集的交集并将结果集存储在新的有序集合 destination 中</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>19、ZUNIONSTORE destination numkeys key [key …]</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>计算给定的一个或多个有序集的并集，并存储在新的 key 中</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>20、ZSCAN key cursor [MATCH pattern] [COUNT count]</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p>迭代有序集合中的元素（包括元素成员和元素分值）</p>
</blockquote>
<hr>
<h3 id="八、Redis-HyperLogLog"><a href="#八、Redis-HyperLogLog" class="headerlink" title="八、Redis HyperLogLog"></a>八、Redis HyperLogLog</h3><p>  Redis HyperLogLog 是用来做基数统计的算法，HyperLogLog 的优点是，在输入元素的数量或者体积非常非常大时，计算基数所需的空间总是固定 的、并且是很小的。在 Redis 里面，每个 HyperLogLog 键只需要花费 12 KB 内存，就可以计算接近 2^64 个不同元素的基 数。这和计算基数时，元素越多耗费内存就越多的集合形成鲜明对比。但是，因为 HyperLogLog 只会根据输入元素来计算基数，而不会储存输入元素本身，所以 HyperLogLog 不能像集合那样，返回输入的各个元素。</p>
<p>1、PFADD key element [element…]</p>
<blockquote>
<p>添加指定元素到 HyperLogLog 中。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>2、PFCOUNT key [key…]</p>
<blockquote>
<p>返回给定 HyperLogLog 的基数估算值。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>3、PFMERGE destkey sourcekey [sourcekey…]</p>
<blockquote>
<p>将多个 HyperLogLog 合并为一个 HyperLogLog</p>
</blockquote>
<hr>
<h3 id="九、Redis发布订阅"><a href="#九、Redis发布订阅" class="headerlink" title="九、Redis发布订阅"></a>九、Redis发布订阅</h3><p>  Redis 发布订阅 (pub&#x2F;sub) 是一种消息通信模式：发送者 (pub) 发送消息，订阅者 (sub) 接收消息。Redis 客户端可以订阅任意数量的频道。</p>
<p>1、PSUBSCRIBE pattern [pattern …]</p>
<blockquote>
<p>订阅一个或多个符合给定模式的频道。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>2、PUBSUB subcommand [argument [argument …]]</p>
<blockquote>
<p>查看订阅与发布系统状态。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>3、PUBLISH channel message</p>
<blockquote>
<p>将信息发送到指定的频道。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>4、PUNSUBSCRIBE [pattern [pattern …]]</p>
<blockquote>
<p>退订所有给定模式的频道。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>5、SUBSCRIBE channel [channel …]</p>
<blockquote>
<p>订阅给定的一个或多个频道的信息。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>6、UNSUBSCRIBE [channel [channel …]]</p>
<blockquote>
<p>指退订给定的频道。</p>
</blockquote>
<hr>
<h3 id="十、Redis事务"><a href="#十、Redis事务" class="headerlink" title="十、Redis事务"></a>十、Redis事务</h3><p>  Redis 事务可以一次执行多个命令， 并且带有以下三个重要的保证：</p>
<blockquote>
<ul>
<li>批量操作在发送 EXEC 命令前被放入队列缓存。</li>
<li>收到 EXEC 命令后进入事务执行，事务中任意命令执行失败，其余的命令依然被执行。</li>
<li>在事务执行过程，其他客户端提交的命令请求不会插入到事务执行命令序列中。</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p>  一个事务从开始到执行会经历以下三个阶段：</p>
<blockquote>
<ul>
<li>开始事务。</li>
<li>命令入队。</li>
<li>执行事务。</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p>  <strong>注意：</strong>单个 Redis 命令的执行是原子性的，但 Redis 没有在事务上增加任何维持原子性的机制，所以 Redis 事务的执行并不是原子性的。事务可以理解为一个打包的批量执行脚本，但批量指令并非原子化的操作，中间某条指令的失败不会导致前面已做指令的回滚，也不会造成后续的指令不做。</p>
<p>1、DISCARD</p>
<blockquote>
<p>取消事务，放弃执行事务块内的所有命令。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>2、EXEC</p>
<blockquote>
<p>执行所有事务块内的命令。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>3、MULTI</p>
<blockquote>
<p>标记一个事务块的开始。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>4、UNWATCH</p>
<blockquote>
<p>取消 WATCH 命令对所有 key 的监视。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>5、WATCH key [key …]</p>
<blockquote>
<p>监视一个(或多个) key ，如果在事务执行之前这个(或这些) key 被其他命令所改动，那么事务将被打断。</p>
</blockquote>
<hr>
<h3 id="十一、Redis脚本"><a href="#十一、Redis脚本" class="headerlink" title="十一、Redis脚本"></a>十一、Redis脚本</h3><p>  Redis 脚本使用 Lua 解释器来执行脚本。 Redis 2.6 版本通过内嵌支持 Lua 环境。执行脚本的常用命令为 EVAL。<br>1、EVAL script numkeys key [key …] arg [arg …]</p>
<blockquote>
<p>执行 Lua 脚本。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>2、EVALSHA sha1 numkeys key [key …] arg [arg …]</p>
<blockquote>
<p>执行 Lua 脚本。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>3、SCRIPT EXISTS script [script …]</p>
<blockquote>
<p>查看指定的脚本是否已经被保存在缓存当中。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>4、SCRIPT FLUSH</p>
<blockquote>
<p>从脚本缓存中移除所有脚本。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>5、SCRIPT KILL</p>
<blockquote>
<p>杀死当前正在运行的 Lua 脚本。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>6、SCRIPT LOAD script</p>
<blockquote>
<p>将脚本 script 添加到脚本缓存中，但并不立即执行这个脚本。</p>
</blockquote>

                
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这里只是对一些简单的MySql语法做一些整理，增删改查，建表删表，存储过程等。

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引言：
JVM提供了大量的参数配置，可以通过配置这些参数对JVM进行调优、记录GC日志等等。

一、内存相关  通过这些参数可以对JVM的内存分配做调整
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英文解释：Initial heap size(in bytes)中文释义
                        
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